Edwin a



f vN30; 227,304-

I Patented iMay 4, |880.

H llll i i l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN A. ROBBIN S, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF OF HIS RIGHT TO MITCHELL NVILLIS, OF SAME PLACE.

CARRIAGE-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of 'Letters Patent No. 227,304, dated May 4, 1880.

Application led March 13, 1880. (Model.)

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN A. ROBBINS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new an d useful Improvements in Oarriage-VVrenches,

of which the following is a specification.

The objects of my invention are to provide a cheap, simple, convenient, and efcient wrench, designed more particularly for re- Io moving and replacing carriage-axle nuts in order to partially remove the wheels in the act of oiling the axles, as heretofore, wherein the ordinary wrenches are employed for the purpose, so as to enable one to put on or remove oily or greasy nuts in such cases without soiling the fingers or hands; and it consists, essentially, of a socket-wrench divided longitudinally in two parts, one of which is provided with a handle and fixed jaw having 2o a at curved spring, and the other being a separate movable jaw connected therewith loosely at all points and retained in position by ears and projections, together with a housing formed upon the shank of the stationary z 5 jaw, as hereinafter more fully described and set forth.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a wrench constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same 3o with the adjustable jaw removed. Fig. 3 is a View of the adjustable jaw when removed.

A represents the fixed jaw, having at its opposite end, or the opposite end of the shank B, the cross-handle O, by which the wrench may be turned or operated. This shank B is provided near the jaw A with a housing, D, and near the handle C with ears E, and has secured thereto a dat curved steel spring, F,

the free end of which has a bearing against 4o the opposite adjustable jaw H within or near the housing D, so as to hold the jaws A H apart and to permit the same to pass over and upon a greasy or dirty wagon or carriage axle nut without the necessity of holding the wrench in a particular position or of applying the ngers thereto to open said jaws. Y The top of the housing D is provided with a thumb-screw, J, which has a bearing at its inward end upon the adjustable jaw H, so as to permit the jaws, when placed upon or about 5o such nut, to grasp the same tightly by turning in the thumb-screw J and in order to more iirmly hold the same or tighten the gripe the thumb-screw L, fitted into the shank B near the guide-ears E, is likewise turned in or screwed up, which action of said screw (it having a bearing at-its inner end against the opposite side of said jaw H near its rear end, P) tilts the same, thereby temporarily securin g the nut wit-hin the jaws in a permanent man- 6o ner.

It will be seen that the adjustable jaw H is held in position longitudinally or endwise by means of small projections e e, which are provided upon one or both sides of said jaw and contact loosely with the sides of the said housing D, which is provided with an interior groove, t, near its upper end, to permit said jaw H to be inserted through said housing D or removed therefrom, thereby reduc- 7o ing the cost ot' manufacture and strengthening the wrench without perceptibly increasing its weight.

I am aware that dat steel springs have heretofore been employed to open the jaws of common bench-vises. Therefore I do not claim such as my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a wrench, as above described, the 8o combination of the iiat steel spring F with the jaw A, having a shank, housing D, and crosshandle O, and provided with set-screws J L and adjustable jaw H, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 8 5

2. The adjustablejaw H, provided with projections e e, in combination with the jaw A, provided with a handle, O, ears E, and housing D, having the groove t and the spring F, and screws J L, substantially as described, as 9o and for the purposes set forth.

EDWIN A. RO BBINS. 

